This 3-hydroxydecanoic acid is a high purity standard that is useful for the investigation of disorders and diseases. Polyhydroxyalkenoates, polyesters produced by bacteria fermentation, such as from Escherichia coli, are used for carbon and energy storage and are of interest in studies regarding their synthesis, properties and mechanisms.1 Short chain-length polyhydroxyalkenoate monomers such as 3-hydroxydecanoic acid may have pharmaceutical properties. 3-Hydroxydecanoic acid is the prevalent fatty acid in the rhamnolipid of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.2 The biologically natural chiral (R)-3- hydroxydecanoic acid is an intermediate in fatty acid biosynthesis. 3-hydroxy fatty acids are used as biomarkers for fatty acid oxidative disorders of both the long- and short-chain 3-hydroxy-acyl-CoA dehydrogenases.3,4