| Product Name | _x000D_Coxiella burnetii (Q-Fever) Phase 1 IgG - ELISA. | _x000D_
|---|---|
| # of Samples | _x000D_1 x 96 Assays. | _x000D_
| Intended Use | _x000D_The ELISA is intended for the qualitative determination of IgG class antibodies against Coxiella burnetii phase 1 in the early stages of infection in human serum. | _x000D_
| Introduction | _x000D_Q-Fever is a disease that results from infection with small, polymorph and gram-negative bacteria called Coxiella burnetii. After an outbreak in Brisbane, Australia, the responsible organism was isolated and named Coxiella burnetii in honour of Dr. Herald Rae Cox and Sir Frank Burnet. New molecular research demonstrated a close relationship to Legionella. The zoonosis Q-Fever is found everywhere except New Zealand (no data available). There is an extensive reservoir (mainly ticks) of C. burnetii. Ticks are an important vector of the pathogen in the transmission between domestic and wildlife animals. But the ticks are unimportant in the direct infection of humans. Cattles, sheep and goats are usually the source of transmission of this microorganism to humans. However cats, dogs and rabbits are also important in this regard. In most instances humans become infected with Coxiella burnetii following inhalation of contaminated aerosols (respiratory tract). The incubation period for Q-Fever in humans is about 2 weeks. The resulting illness can be divided into acute and chronic varieties. During the acute phase of illness antibodies to the phase 2-antigen are formed. Anti phase-1 antibodies in high titers are typical for a chronic disease. In areas where Q-Fever is endemic, 12% or more of the population have antibodies to C. burnetii. Most of the infections are subclinical or undiagnosed. The acute infection shows symptoms of high fever, shivers, muscle pain and headache. Later on more severe diseases such as pneumonia or hepatitis can occur. Infections during pregnancy can lead to an abort or premature birth. Approximately 1% of all infections become chronic. The most frequent organ manifestation in Q-Fever is endocarditis. Diagnostic methods Complement binding reaction is still used IFT (immuno fixation test) ELISA Cell culture PCR IFT as well as ELISA differentiate between different antibody classes (IgG/ IgM/ IgA). Acute phase of Q-Fever IgM specific to phase 2 after 2-3 weeks IgG approximately 2 months after infection. Chronic phase of Q-Fever From 6 weeks up to 4 months after infection phase 1 IgG and IgA antibodies can be detected. | _x000D_
| Principles of the assay | _x000D_The qualitative immunoenzymatic determination of IgG-class antibodies to Coxiella burnetii is based on the ELISA (Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay) technique. Microtiter strip wells are precoated with phase 1 antigens to bind corresponding antibodies of the specimen. After washing the wells to remove all unbound sample material horseradish peroxidase (HRP) labelled anti-human IgG conjugate is added. This conjugate binds to the captured Coxiella burnetii -specific antibodies. The immune complex formed by the bound conjugate is visualized by adding Tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) substrate which gives a blue reaction product. The intensity of this product is proportional to the amount of phase 1-specific IgG antibodies in the specimen. Sulphuric acid is added to stop the reaction. This produces a yellow endpoint colour. Absorbance at 450 nm is read using an ELISA microwell plate reader. | _x000D_
| Storage and Stability | _x000D_The reagents are stable up to the expiry date stated on the label when stored at 2..8 C. | _x000D_
| References | _x000D_Mc Dade JE: Historical aspects of Q-Fever: The disease. CRC Press, 1990, 5Marrie TS: Coxiella burnetii pneumonia. Clin Infect Disease 21 (Suppl. 3), 1995, 253Raoult D and Marrie T: Q-Fever. Clin Infect Disease 20, 1995, 489Kaplan MM and Bertagna, P: The geographical distribution of Q-Fever. Bull World Health Organ 13, 1995, 829Dellacasagrande J, et al.: C. burnetii survives in monocytes from patients with Q-Fever endocarditis. Infect Immun 68, 2000, 160 | _x000D_
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