tes and macrophages to sites of inflammation and infection, and its functions are inhibited by Interleukin-4, Interleukin-10, and Interleukin-13. Importantly, the copy number variation of LD78-beta is associated with HIV susceptibility, indicating LD78-beta’s critical role in the disease.Recombinant human LD78-beta/CCL3L1 (rhLD78-beta) produced in E.coli is a single non-glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 70 amino acids. A fully biologically active molecule, rhLD78-beta has a molecular mass of 7.8 kDa analyzed by reducing SDS-PAGE and is obtained by chromatographic techniques at GenScript.