The Neuroplastins Np55 and Np65 comprise a superfamily of neuronal and synapse enriched immunoglobulin molecules. They play an important role in a number of vital synaptic and neuronal activities including cell adhesion in the case of Np65. Np65 and Np55 are identical in structure except for the N-terminal Np65-specific Ig1 domain. They also play a key role in the localization of GABA(A) receptors in inhibitory synapses.