CaVγ subunits inhibit CaV channel activity and modulate its activation and inactivation kinetics. CaVγ subunits have little effect on CaV channel trafficking. The γ subunit is an integral membrane protein. The γ subunit family consists of at least 8 members, which share a number of common structural features. Each member is predicted to possess four transmembrane domains, with intracellular N- and C-termini. The first extracellular loop contains a highly conserved N-glycosylation site and a pair of conserved cysteine residues.nCaVγ1 is solely expressed in skeletal muscle and associates with the α1S (CaV1.1) subunit.n Knockout mice are indeed viable and show no extreme phenotype. It seems that γ1 enhances the inactivation of ER Ca2+ release in a voltage-dependent manner.